定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which,as。关系副词有:when,where,why,how。
定语从句的关系代词有哪些
关系代词(that,who,whom,whose,which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例1.Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who/that在从句中作主语,指人)
例2.He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语,指人)
例3.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)
例4.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.(whose在句中作定语,指物。若指物,它还可以同of which互换)
例5.The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作carry的宾语,指物)
定语从句关系代词和关系副词是什么
根据关系词在定语从句中的作用也就是在句子中充当的成分(这点很关键),可以分为关系代词和关系副词两种。关系代词主要有who,whom,which,that,whose等;关系副词主要有when,where,why。
副词和状语都是汉语词汇。状语,就是表示动词的状态、地点、时间、程度、原因等的修饰成分。作状语的词叫做副词。
定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。
This is the thief (that/who/whom)we have been looking for these days.
(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。)
Please find a room which is big enough for all of us tolive in.
(请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。)
关系代词that和which的用法区别
1.以下情况常用that,一般不用which。
(1)当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时。
(2)当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。
(3)当先行词有the very,the only,the same等修饰时。
(4)当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。
(5)当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
(6)当要避免与疑问词which重复时。
2.以下情况用which,不用that。
(1)引导非限制性定语从句。
(2)直接放在介词后作宾语时。